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Technology Pillars Hub

Master 7 Core Pillars of Cloud-Native Architecture Design

Introduction: The 7 Pillars Framework

Building a cloud-native architecture requires making decisions across 7 interdependent technology pillars. Each pillar addresses critical aspects of your infrastructure, and choices in one pillar impact all others.

This hub provides a comprehensive overview of each pillar and helps you understand the decision frameworks you'll need to evaluate technology options. Rather than overwhelming you with tool choices, we focus on the strategic questions you must answer in each pillar.

Navigation: Click on any pillar below to explore detailed decision guides, technology options, and implementation patterns.

The 7 Technology Pillars

1. Compute

Choose how to execute your applications: Kubernetes clusters, serverless functions, edge computing, or virtual machines.

Key Decisions:

  • Kubernetes vs Serverless vs Edge?
  • Managed vs self-hosted?
  • Multi-cloud strategy?
  • Cost vs control trade-offs?

2. Storage

Design data persistence: Block storage, file systems, object storage, databases, and backup strategies.

Key Decisions:

  • Persistence model (local, network, cloud)?
  • Database type (SQL, NoSQL, specialized)?
  • Backup & DR strategy?
  • Data residency & compliance?

3. Network

Manage communication: CNI plugins, ingress controllers, service mesh, load balancing, and security policies.

Key Decisions:

  • Network topology & topology?
  • Ingress & load balancing?
  • Service mesh for observability?
  • Zero-trust security?

4. Scalability

Handle variable demand: Horizontal scaling, vertical scaling, cluster autoscaling, and cost optimization.

Key Decisions:

  • HPA vs VPA vs cluster scaling?
  • Metric-based vs schedule-based?
  • Cost vs performance tuning?
  • Multi-region scaling?

5. Observability

Monitor & understand systems: Metrics, logging, tracing, dashboards, and alerting strategies.

Key Decisions:

  • Metrics vs logs vs traces?
  • Managed vs self-hosted stack?
  • Data retention & cost?
  • Alerting & incident response?

6. Security

Protect systems: RBAC, network policies, secret management, compliance, and threat detection.

Key Decisions:

  • Authentication & authorization?
  • Secrets management strategy?
  • Compliance frameworks?
  • Network & runtime security?

7. Reliability

Ensure availability: High availability, disaster recovery, SLO/SLI/SLA definition, and resilience patterns.

Key Decisions:

  • RTO/RPO targets?
  • HA architecture pattern?
  • SLO/SLI/SLA definition?
  • Failure scenarios & testing?

Technology Selection Workflow

5-Step Decision Framework

1
Assess Requirements

Understand workload characteristics: performance needs, compliance requirements, scale, and cost constraints.

2
Evaluate Cloud Model

Decide public/private/hybrid based on strategy. This impacts all 7 pillar choices (tools availability, compliance options, cost).

3
Select Per-Pillar Technologies

Choose specific technologies for each pillar. Start with compute (Kubernetes?), then storage, network, etc.

4
Validate Interdependencies

Ensure pillar choices work together. Network choice impacts scalability. Security impacts operations. Etc.

5
Calculate Total Cost & ROI

Sum costs across all pillars. Compare alternatives. Validate against budget. Consider 3-5 year TCO.

💡 Pro Tip: Don't treat pillars in isolation. Changes to compute choice (Kubernetes vs Serverless) impact storage, network, scalability, and security choices. Use an iterative approach: choose compute, then evaluate impacts on other pillars.

Pillar Interdependencies

Understanding how pillars depend on each other is critical for making coherent technology choices:

Key Interdependencies

Compute → Storage: If choosing Kubernetes, you need StatefulSets with persistent storage. Serverless doesn't need persistent storage (state is ephemeral).

Compute → Network: Kubernetes needs CNI plugin + ingress controller. Serverless needs API gateway + load balancing. Choices are tightly coupled.

Scalability → Cost: Horizontal scaling (HPA) may increase costs but reduces per-request latency. Need to balance performance vs. cost.

Security → Observability: More security policies (network policies, RBAC) require more observability to understand what's being blocked/allowed.

Reliability → Observability: High availability architectures require sophisticated monitoring to detect & respond to failures quickly.

Network → Security: Service mesh (network layer) can enforce security policies. Network policies are foundational for zero-trust architecture.

Pillar Deep-Dive Guides

Each pillar has a dedicated deep-dive guide that covers:

Access Pillar Guides:

ROI Calculator Framework

Each pillar guide includes a framework for evaluating return on investment:

  • Cost Implications: Total cost of ownership per option
  • Performance Benefits: Latency, throughput, scalability gains
  • Operational Overhead: Team size, complexity, training needs
  • Risk Assessment: Technical debt, vendor lock-in, compliance gaps
  • Time to Value: Implementation timeline, quick wins

Assessment Checklist: Are You Ready?

Before Starting Technology Selection

During Technology Selection

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